

—George Herbert
I had never read anything of his and asked Laurel who he was: “Love (III) is the most well known poem by George Herbert. He was a seventeenth-century metaphysical poet, a generation after John Donne. T. S. Eliot brought both Donne and Herbert back to prominence. In 1971, while I was visiting England (on $5.00 a day), I made a little pilgrimage from London down to Salisbury, and from there to Herbert’s little stone church in nearby Bemerton. Unlike Donne, Herbert wrote only religious poems, and arranged them beautifully in his book, The Temple. Ralph Vaughn Williams’s Five Mystical Songs is from The Temple. George Herbert has been my favorite poet since my teens.”
Laurel Hicks, you are making my day!
CLOSED EYELIDS
There is a winged silence precedes sleep,
That gathers underneath her cloudy wings
The tiny fluttering peeping scattered things –
My thoughts – and stills them into slumberings.
Florence S. Small
I’ve tried really hard to find out anything about Florence Small, as has Laurel, to no avail. There was a painter in Victorian England by that name who also published a lovely children’s book, but her middle name is different. So it is a riddle, but one in keeping with the mystery of the images…..
The pendulum has swung back in current assessments of German resistance to the Hitler regime. Earlier historians condemned an entire people for blindly and passively following fascistic leadership into the abyss, dissecting the authoritarian personality structure of an entire nation, the inbred conformity. Praise went to the very few public exceptions, like the von Stauffenberg plot of July 20th, or the siblings Scholl of the White Rose. More recent debate has explored what it means to live in a totalitarian state, where a method of punishment was taking hostage of kith and kin, and where the ruthless and systematic nature of Nazi surveillance and repression eliminated most possibilities of domestic opposition. With the onset of the war any and all regime criticism was considered treason, punishable by death.
I do not know what I would have done. All the more reason to remember the brave.
The Brave
The brave know
They will not rise again
That no flesh will grow around them
On Judgement morning
That they won’t remember anything
That they won’t see anyone ever again
That nothing of theirs is waiting
No salvation
No torture
I
Am not brave.
Marie Luise Kaschnitz (translated by Eavan Boland)
Primo Levi’s appeal to all of us – as you’ll see in the poem below – could not be more timely. It is upon us to make sure that history does not to repeat itself.
http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/09/28/the-art-of-witness
The montage refers to Levi’s book The Periodic Table, photograph taken at KZ Ravensbrück. There is a new exhibit in Berlin right now about the inmates in this women’s camp who were doctors and nurses and forced to work in the infirmaries without means to treat the sick and dying. https://www.charite.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Ausstellungsflyer_Med_Vers_Rav.pdf
Shema
You who live secure
In your warm houses,
Who return at evening to find
Hot food and friendly faces:
Consider whether this is a man,
Who labours in the mud
Who knows no peace
Who fights for a crust of bread
Who dies at a yes or a no.
Consider whether this is a woman,
Without hair or name
With no more strength to remember
Eyes empty and womb cold
As a frog in winter.
Consider that this has been:
I commend these words to you.
Engrave them on your hearts
When you are in your house, when you walk on your way,
When you go to bed, when you rise.
Repeat them to your children.
Or may your house crumble,
Disease render you powerless,
Your offspring avert their faces from you.
Primo Levi
(Translated by Ruth Feldman & Brian Swann)
Music played a huge role for those trying to survive; it helped to remember, it supported resistance, it allowed lament and it forged solidarity. Many know about the orchestras in the camps, particularly Theresienstadt. But I chose a political song by Ernst Busch today, written while he was a camp inmate, because it became an international symbol for resistance by political prisoners against the Nazis.
https://www.ushmm.org/exhibition/music/detail.php?content=moor
The poem represents for me the epiphany of loss:
My Blue Piano
I call a blue piano my own
Yet I know not a single note.
The dark cellar door has become its home
Since the world turned to rotten bloat.
Starlit hands used to play a four-handed tone
– While Luna sang in her boat –
Now the rats’ dance sounds out a clinking moan.
The keys are broken, lying prone.
Tears for the blue corpse choke my throat.
I beg you, dear angels, permit me to roam
– I ate bread made of bitter oat –
Through the gates, while alive, to the heavenly throne
Though the law disallows such a vote.
Else Lasker-Schüler
Towards the end of World War II she was beheaded by the Nazis for high treason. Elisabeth von Thadden was seen as part of the resistance to Hitler’s regime, assumed to be connected to those trying to overthrow Hitler. She certainly was a critical thinker, a liberal, a devout protestant who had social contact to some of those involved in the July 20th assassination attempt. She helped where she could, but never considered herself political, just an upright, ethical citizen, a humanitarian. I spent several truly unhappy years in the park where her ashes were laid to rest.
Von Thadden had founded a boarding school for girls in the 1920s which was shut down later by the Nazis for activities endangering the State – there were no Hitler portraits hung in the halls of Wieblingen castle but there were Jewish students. The school reopened after the war under her name, and I was shipped there at age 13. I had no clue about the founder, I just hated an environment which at this time was less about giving girls an education, but rather a prep school for the daughters of the rich, the aristocracy, the divorced, and a few of us belonging to none of these categories, ultimate outsiders, like myself. Internat is the German word for boarding school and interned I felt.
Lonely years. Years of ruining my stockings and scraping my knees or worse, climbing over glass shard-covered walls surrounding the castle to escape the sense of suffocation (I have the scars to prove it.) Years spent writing “why escape is not a good idea” or other inane essays as punishment when the governesses caught me, as they so often did. But the original founder had a heart for children, a soul to provide shelter for them and protection, a brain to educate girls, so all good. Had she lived, she would have been the first to take in orphans after the war ended.
Read here about her nephew writing an opera about her https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/nov/21/opera-for-my-resistance-fighter-aunt
If Someone Comes
If someone comes
from afar
with a language
whose sounds are possibly
silenced
by the whinnying of a mare
or
the chirping of
young blackbirds
or
like a shrieking saw
cutting apart any closeness –
If someone comes
from afar
with movements of a dog
or
perhaps of a rat
and it is winter
then give him warm clothes
it could also be
that his soles are on fire
(perhaps he straddled
a meteor)
so do not scold him
for burning holes into your suffering carpet –
A foreigner’s arm always
holds his own country
like an orphan
for whom he possibly seeks
but a grave.
Nelly Sachs
https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1966/sachs-bio.html
Today I am thinking of the courage of the Kashariyot, the young women serving the Jewish resistance as couriers. A first and important strategic step of the Nazis was to isolate the ghettos after the occupation of Poland. Couriers were needed for communication among the resistance and it turned out that young women had a much better chance of going undetected. Not only did they not cause attention when wandering the streets or traveling in broad daylight compared to men who were supposed to be at work, but they could not be identified by a check on circumcision. Most importantly, though, in contrast to the boys who had spent their time in religious schools, the girls spoke fluent Polish with undetectable accents, because they had been immersed in the culture and thus could pass. They did not only smuggle messages, in the end they even brought weapons and ammunition to the ghettos.
http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/education/newsletter/18/couriers.asp#!prettyPhoto
Strangers
Railways bring strangers.
They disembark and look around:
they are helpless. Anxious fish
swim in their eyes.
They wear strange noses.
They have sad lips.
No one has come to fetch them.
They wait for the twilight
which makes no distinction between them
so they can call on their kindred
in the Milky Way,
in the lunar hollows.
One plays a harmonica –
off-kilter melodies.
Another musical scale
lives inside the instrument:
an inaudible sequencing
of isolations.
Rose Ausländer (translated by Eavan Boland)
Stefan Lux, a Jewish journalist and poet you have probably never heard about, publicly shot himself at the assembled League of Nations in Geneva in July, 1936. This was his final attempt to rally attention to the Nazi specter. His failure and that of so many others to alert the public and the politicians to the monster in waiting is something we should take to heart. Warnings are ignored at our own peril.
http://www.haaretz.com/jewish/this-day-in-jewish-history/.premium-1.533511
Europe, Late
Violins float in the sky,
And a straw hat. I beg your pardon,
What year is it?
Thirty-nine and a half, still awfully early,
You can turn off the radio.
I would like to introduce you to:
The sea breeze, the life of the party,
Terribly mischievous,
whirling in a bell-skirt, slapping down
the worried newspapers: tango! tango!
And the park hums to itself:
I kiss your dainty hand, madame,
your hand as soft and elegant
as a white suede glove. You’ll see, madame,
that everything will be all right,
just heavenly – you wait and see.
No it could never happen here,
Don’t worry so – you’ll see it could
Dan Pagis (translated by Stephen Mitchell)
http://www.poetryinternationalweb.net/pi/site/poet/item/18703/12/Dan-Pagis